They put on it four lighted braziers in which they burned much moque, which is the incense of these natives, and also resin and many other perfumes. During the ceremony which took place at the lagoon, they made a raft of rushes, embellishing and decorating it with the most attractive things they had. The first journey he had to make was to go to the great lagoon of Guatavita, to make offerings and sacrifices to the demon which they worshipped as their god and lord. Before taking office, he spent some time secluded in a cave, without women, forbidden to eat salt, or to go out during daylight. The ceremony took place on the appointment of a new ruler. In 1638, Freyle wrote this account of the ceremony, addressed to the cacique or governor of Guatavita: According to Freyle, the zipa of the Muisca, in a ritual at Lake Guatavita near present-day Bogotá, was said to be covered with gold dust, which he then washed off in the lake while his attendants threw objects made of gold, emeralds, and precious stones into the lake - such as tunjos. The original narrative can be found in the rambling chronicle El Carnero of Juan Rodriguez Freyle. Chiminigagua is related to Bachué, Cuza, Chibchacum, Bochica, and Nencatacoa. In the mythology of the Muisca, Mnya the Gold or golden color, represents the energy contained in the trinity of Chiminigagua, which constitutes the creative power of everything that exists. The Muisca Confederation was as advanced as the Aztec, Maya and Inca civilizations. At those times, other more ancient civilizations also flourished in the highlands. 1270 BCE, and a second between 800 BCE and 500 BCE. The Muisca occupied the highlands of Cundinamarca and Boyacá departments of Colombia in two migrations from outlying lowland areas, one starting c. Main articles: Muisca people and Muisca mythology Several literary works have used the name in their titles, sometimes as "El Dorado", and other times as "Eldorado". This became mixed with the stories of El Dorado, which was sometimes said to be one of the seven cities. The legend of the Seven Cities of Gold (Seven Cities of Cibola) led to Francisco Vázquez de Coronado's expedition of 1540 across the New Mexico territory. By the beginning of the 19th century, most people dismissed the existence of the city as a myth. In the course of these explorations, much of northern South America, including the Amazon River, was mapped. In pursuit of the legend, Spanish conquistadors and numerous others searched what is today Colombia, Venezuela, and parts of Guyana and northern Brazil, for the city and its fabulous king. Two of the most famous of these expeditions were led by Sir Walter Raleigh. The legends surrounding El Dorado changed over time, as it went from being a man, to a city, to a kingdom, and then finally to an empire.Ī second location for El Dorado was inferred from rumors, which inspired several unsuccessful expeditions in the late 1500s in search of a city called Manoa on the shores of Lake Parime or Parima. This Muisca raft figure is on display in the Gold Museum, Bogotá, Colombia.Įl Dorado ( pronounced, English: / ˌ ɛ l d ə ˈ r ɑː d oʊ/ Spanish for "the golden one"), originally El Hombre Dorado ("The Golden Man") or El Rey Dorado ("The Golden King"), was the term used by the Spanish in the 16th century to describe a mythical tribal chief ( zipa) of the Muisca people, an indigenous people of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense of Colombia (or elsewhere in South America), who as an initiation rite, covered himself with gold dust and submerged in Lake Guatavita. This old Muisca tradition became the origin of the legend of El Dorado. The zipa used to cover his body in gold dust, and from his raft, he offered treasures to the Guatavita goddess in the middle of the sacred lake.
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